References

• Abbasi, S. R. S. & Sheikh, K. (2000). Impact of Foreign Employment on the Social Development of Migrants' Families Left behind in Pakistan. Journal of Rural Development and Administration, 32(3), 88- 101.
• Bose, A. (2000). Demography of Himalayan Villages: Missing Men and Lonely Women. Economic and Political Weekly, 35(27), 2361-2363. http://www.jstor.org/stable/4409463.
• Chaudhry, A. G., & Zeeshan, M. (2019). Migration's Impacts on Diminishing Lingual Heritage. Global Language Review, 4(1), 60-65.
• Conway, D., & Cohen, J. H. (2008). Consequences of Migration and Remittances for Mexican Transnational Communities*. Economic Geography, 74(1), 26-44. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1944- 8287.1998.tb00103.x.
• Dion, K. K., & Dion, K. L. (2001). Gender and Cultural Adaptation in Immigrant Families. Journal of Social Issues, 57(3), 511-521. https://doi.org/10.1111/0022-4537.00226.
• Donald, I. (1972). Push and Pull Factors of Migration. International Encyclopedia of Social Science. The Macmillan Company and Free Press. New York.
• Grieco, E.M., & Boyd, M. (1998). Women and migration: incorporating gender into international migration theory. Migration information source 1, 1-7.
• Gulti, T. (2011).
• Hägerstrand, T. (1989). Phenomena of migration In: Migration in a Potowar Village. M.Sc Thesis, Department of Anthropology, Quaid - e- Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan. 63-72.
• Howell, J. (1999). Expanding women's roles in southern Mexico: Educated, employed Oaxaqueñas. Journal of Anthropological Research, 55(1),99-127.
• Hugo, G. (2002). Effects of international migration on the family in Indonesia. Asian and Pacific migration journal, 11(1), 13-46.
• Ijaz, G. Khan, M, F. & Iqbal, M. (1981). Labor migration from Pakistan to the Middle East and its impact on the domestic economy: part I.
• Iqbal, S. A. (2007). Earning the Ashes. An ethnography of return migrants in Punjab 25-26.
• Jetley. S. (1987). Male migration: Dynamics, issues and difficulties of left-behind families. Asian and Pacific Journal of Social Sciences journal, 4, 44-53.
• Khafagy, F. A. (1982). Socio-economic impact of emigration from El-Quebabat village. Population Studies, 61, 39-45.
• Lee, E. (1972). Population: An introduction to concepts and issues. 5th (ed). Wadsworth Publishing Company: Belmont. California. USA. 5th (ed).
• Louhichi, K. (1997).
• Mincer, J. (1978). Family migration decisions. Journal of Political Economy, 86(5), 749-773.
• Molar, N. (2003). Main usage of remittances of the left-behind families of migrants. International Encyclopedia of Economics. Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers London 34-37.
• Newman, R. J. (1983). Industry Migration and Growth in the South. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 65(1), 76-86. https://doi.org/10.2307/1924411.
• O'laughlin, B. (1998). Missing men? The debate over rural poverty and women-headed households in Southern Africa. The Journal of Peasant Studies, 25(2), 1-48. https://doi.org/10.1080/03066159808438665.
• Palmer, I. (1985). The impact of male out-migration on women in farming.
• Pribilsky, J. (2004). Aprendemos A Convivir': Conjugal Relations, Co-parenting, and Family Life among Ecuadorian Transnational Migrants in New York and the Ecuadorian Andes. Global networks 4(3),313-334.
• SAMP. (2004). South Africa: Mainstreaming Migration Jonathan Crush and Sally Parody. Southern Africa Migration.
• Ukwatta, S. (2003). Male Migration and Marti weighted Households. United Nation Economic Commission for Western Asia, and International Migration in the Arab World, 7 (1), 23-26.
• Zeeshan, M., & Sultana, A. (2020). Return migration to Pakistan during Covid-19 pandemic: Unmaking the challenges. Pakistan Perspectives, 25(1).